James, there are three approaches. Firstly you can change the "gearing" of the linkages by adjusting the distances that you connect the linkages to on the servo arm and the tiller arm. To reduce rudder movement you should move the linkage connection closer to the centre on the servo arm and move the linkage away from the rudder stock on the tiller. In your case however 180 degrees may be very difficult, if not impossible to accommodate this way.
The second method is to check whether your radio allows a range adjustment. I have just put a new servo into a model which has very limited rudder movement so I had to reduce the range in the transmitter to 50%.
Finally, as Ray has already suggested, a standard servo is more than man enough for such a situation. You can get high torque, metal geared servos with the more normal arc of movement of 90 deg, which would be far easier to set up. Check out these guys and give them a ring for advice. They are very knowledgeable and very helpful:
https://www.servoshop.co.uk/
I must admit I'm a little confused by your comment that you couldn't find a servo with a smaller rotation. 180 deg is by far the more unusual with a 90 deg arc being the normal.