Paul
Platinum, tungsten, uranium, plutonium, gold, mercury. All are denser than the same volume of lead – although all have what you might consider to be cost and/or handling and/or supply problems…….
Seriously if you need 4kgs of ballast then a dense metal is the obvious choice. Lead is over 11 times as heavy per unit volume as water at 20 degrees C. It can be found (still) at scrap dealers or, if you're lucky, on demolition sites – although the lead and copper are among the first materials salvaged from dead buildings. Lead flashing can be bought from builders merchants. It isn't cheap. **LINK** for a typical UK retail price.
If you don't like the idea of using lead on ecological grounds then steel fishing shot is a reasonable substitute, or even wet sand. Apart from its relatively low density water has the other drawback of being a liquid, so it has to be prevented from sloshing around and upsetting the balance of the boat.
Lateral thinking says why not fit larger batteries? Sealed Lead Acid batteries are a helluva lot cheaper way of buying weight than lead scrap or flashing, and they do useful work instead of just being a dead weight to push around.
Suit yourself.
Dave M
(Sorry for any duplication of thoughts – Ashley posted as I was typing)
Edited By Dave Milbourn on 12/10/2013 16:30:16